Resistance sources to root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita and M. enterolobii in sweet potato

Jadir B Pinheiro,José Ricardo Peixoto,Juvenil Enrique Cares,Paula Andrea O Carmona,Geovani Bernardo Amaro,Giovani Olegario Da Silva

doi:10.1590/s0102-053620200203

Jadir B Pinheiro, José Ricardo Peixoto + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620200203

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Abstract

ABSTRACT One of the main obstacles for food production in many developing countries, as in Brazil, is the damage caused by root-knot nematodes, mainly those belonging to the genus Meloidogyne. This study aimed to assess the resistance levels of 44 sweet potato genotypes to M. javanica, M. incognita race 1 and M. enterolobii. These researches were carried out in 2014, under greenhouse conditions in Brasília-DF, Brazil. A completely randomized design with six replicates of one plant/plot/treatment was used. We determined the gall index (GI) and egg mass index (EMI) in the root system of each plant, the number of eggs and juveniles per gram of root with galls and the nematode reproduction factor. M. javanica was less aggressive and reproduced in only 9.09% of the evaluated genotypes; M. incognita race 1 was intermediate (47.73%); whereas M. enterolobii was more aggressive, with a population increase in 79.55% of the genotypes. The genotypes CNPH 1200, CNPH 1219, CNPH 1292, CNPH 1392, CNPH 60 and ‘Coquinho’ were the most resistant to the three species and can be used in breeding programs for multiple resistance to root-knot nematodes.

Highlights

Um dos principais obstáculos para a produção de alimentos em muitos países em desenvolvimento, como no Brasil, é o dano causado por fitonematoides, principalmente os formadores de galhas, pertencentes ao gênero Meloidogyne
M. enterolobii, synonym of M. mayaguensis, is gaining prominence due to its ability to infect plants that are resistant to other species of Meloidogyne (Carneiro et al, 2006a, 2006b), among them the sweet potato (EPPO, 2014; Rutter et al, 2019)
The aim of this study was to assess the levels of resistance of 44 sweet potato genotypes to M. javanica, M. incognita race 1 and M. enterolobii, to be used in breeding programs as resistance genes sources to root-knot nematodes

Summary

Introduction

Um dos principais obstáculos para a produção de alimentos em muitos países em desenvolvimento, como no Brasil, é o dano causado por fitonematoides, principalmente os formadores de galhas, pertencentes ao gênero Meloidogyne. O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o nível de resistência de 44 genótipos de batata-doce a M. javanica, M. incognita raça 1 e M. enterolobii. M. incognita raça 1 foi intermediário, com 47,73%; enquanto que M. enterolobii foi mais agressivo, com aumento populacional em 79,55% dos genótipos. The sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), being a rustic plant, hosts nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne. These nematodes cause great concern regarding production losses in the tropics, subtropics and warm regions all around the world (Atkinson et al, 2012; Bernard et al, 2017; Karuri et al, 2017). The root-knot nematodes can reduce absorbent roots, with reduction on foliage and growth of the sweet potato plant, besides predisposing to the formation of longitudinal cracks in the roots, affecting yield, and quality, conservation and the visual appearance of the commercial product (Perry & Moens, 2006; Bernard et al, 2017)

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