Abstract
The reported high loss mortality rate of green lacewing, (Chrysoperla carnea) have been attributed to diverse factors including unattended use of insecticides. Since chemical control is one of a significant practice to manage insect pest in cotton. However, this kind of practice may impair the natural control provided by generalist predator C. carnea. Although, natural control adoption is limited in crops, area and season due to wide-spread use of insecticides but presence of resistance potential in C. carnea may improve the design of solid IPM strategies. Herein, we aimed to assess the toxicity of four insecticides to two strains of C. carnea (viz. laboratory reared and field collected adults) and to evaluate their resistance potential by calculating their resistance ratio. LC50 was calculated at 24 h following topical application administered when the adults were 3 days old. Control adult mortalities were less than 10% at 24 h. The LC50 values (µl mL-1) for laboratory reared strains of each tested insecticide were: acetamiprid, 0.0064; bifenthrin, 3.75; chlorpyrifos, 0.067; and profenofos, 0.052. The LC50 values for field collected strains were 0.096 (acetamiprid), 34.8 (bifenthrin), 0.21 (chlorpyrifos) and 0.44 (profenofos). The toxicity of the test insecticide to C. carnea from more to least toxic was acetamiprid > profenofos > chlorpyrifos > bifenthrin. Field collected strain possessed 15 (acetamiprid)-, 9.28 (bifenthrin)-, 3.13 (chlorpyrifos)-, and 8.5 (profenofos)-fold more resistance than the susceptible population. These results are pretty worthwhile for integration of C. carnea in IPM programs, impairing with insecticides.
Highlights
Conservation natural control, in which beneficial fauna are preserved in the agroecosystem, has been considered as an element progressively important in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs [1]
It is worth mentioning that the use of chrysopids in IPM as increased since last few years, Mubasshir Sohail et al.: Resistance Potential of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) to Insecticides
There is a need to study the evolution of insecticides resistance in C. carnae, which are regularly used for the management of various insect pests
Summary
Conservation natural control, in which beneficial fauna are preserved in the agroecosystem, has been considered as an element progressively important in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs [1]. It is the only way to maintain and enhance the survival, reproduction, and efficiency of natural enemies, which are directly involved in regulating populations of various agricultural and forest insect pests. Among natural enemies in Asia, a large number of predators can control insect pest in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) such as Coccinellids, Chrysopids, Anthocoris and Spiders [3]. The green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea (Stephen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) stand out as important predator, especially of the sucking complex of cotton [4]. It is worth mentioning that the use of chrysopids in IPM as increased since last few years, Mubasshir Sohail et al.: Resistance Potential of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) to Insecticides
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