Abstract
Mechanically harvested tubers of 14 potato cultivars grown on both loamy sand and silt loam soils were evaluated for resistance to bacterial soft rot caused byErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica. Cultivars were also assayed for calcium and dry matter content to determine possible correlations with soft rot resistance. Resistance of potato tubers to bacterial soft rot was assayed after harvest by inoculating tubers and determining percent surface area decayed after four days in a mist chamber. Tubers of the cultivars differed widely in resistance to bacterial soft rot. The ranking of the resistance of tubers from different cultivars to bacterial soft rot was similar for both soils, although disease severity in tubers from a particular soil type varied with the season. Of the cultivars tested, tubers of Butte, Russet Burbank, and Nor-gold Russet were ranked as the most resistant, whereas tubers of Redsen, Norchip, Norland and Belchip were rated as the most susceptible. Tubers of Rhinered, Red La Soda, Superior, Pontiac, Atlantic, and Nooksack were intermediate in resistance. Neither calcium concentration in medullar tissues nor dry matter of potato tubers alone could be correlated with ranking of the cultivars with respect to severity of bacterial soft rot. However, a multiple linear regression model incorporating both variables indicated that tubers with a high content of both calcium and dry matter were likely to be less susceptible to bacterial soft rot than were tubers with lower percentages of these variables. Tuberculos de 14 cultivares de papa que crecieron en suelos arenoarcillosos y migajon-cenagoso fueron cosechados mecanicamente y evaluados para resistencia a la pudricion blanda bacteriana causada porErwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica. Los cultivares fueron evaluados tambien por su contenido en calcio y materia seca, para determinar posibles correlaciones con la resistencia a la enfermedad. La resistencia de los tuberculos a la pudricion blanda bacteriana se determino despues de la cosecha inoculando los tuberculos y determinando el porcentaje de area superficial afectada despues de permanecer cuatro dias en una camara de nebulizacion. Los tuberculos de los diferentes cultivares presentaron diferencias considerables en la resistencia a la pudricion. La clasificacion de los tuberculos de acuerdo a la enfermedad fue similar para ambos tipos de suelo, no obstante que la severidad de la enfermedad para un tipo de suelo en particular vario con la temporada. De los cultivares probados, los tuberculos de Butte, Russet Burbank, y Norgold Russet fueron clasificados como los mas susceptibles. Los tuberculos de Rhinered, Red La Soda, Superior, Pontiac, Atlantic, y Nooksack mostraron resistencia intermedia. Ni las concentraciones de calcio en los tejidos de la medula ni la materia seca de los tuberculos de papa pudieron ser correlacionados con la clasificacion alcanzada por los cultivares de acuerdo a la severidad de la pudricion blanda bacteriana. Sin embargo, una regresion multilineal que incorporaba ambas variables indico que los tuberculos con un alto contenido tanto de calcio como de materia seca eran aparentemente menos susceptibles a la enfermedad que aquellos con porcentajes menores de estas variables.
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