Resistance of tomato strains to the moth Tuta absoluta imparted by allelochemicals and trichome density

Celso Mattes De Oliveira,Wilson Roberto Maluf,Valter Carvalho De Andrade Júnior,Gabriel Mascarenhas Maciel,Irã Pinheiro Neiva

doi:10.1590/s1413-70542012000100006

Celso Mattes De Oliveira, Wilson Roberto Maluf + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542012000100006

Copy DOI

Abstract

We examined the resistance of improved tomato strains rich in 2-tridecanone (2-TD), zingiberene (ZGB) and acyl sugars (AA) to the tomato moth, Tuta absoluta. We also studied whether selection for strains with higher densities of glandular trichomes, and thus presumably strains with higher concentrations of 2-tridecanone, was effective in promoting greater resistance to the moth. The TOM-584 and TOM-679 strains were used as susceptible controls, which have normal concentrations of the three allelochemicals. The improved strain TOM-687, which has a high AA content, has a widely documented resistance and was used as a standard resistant strain. The wild strain PI134417, which is resistant by means of its high 2-TD content, was also used as a standard resistant strain. The experiment was installed in a greenhouse with a completely randomized design. The wild strain PI 134417 was confirmed as being highly resistant. TOM-622 (rich in 2-TD), ZGB-703 (rich in ZGB), and TOM-687 (rich in AA) showed significant reductions in the oviposition rate of the tomato moth, damage to the plants, injury to the leaflets, and the percentage of leaflets attacked in comparison with the control strains (TOM-584 and TOM-679). The levels of resistance to the moth for the TOM-622, ZGB-703, and TOM-687 strains were similar. In general, the genotypes with higher densities of glandular trichomes had greater resistance than the susceptible controls, with the strain BPX-367D-238-02 being particularly notable in its resistance.

Highlights

IntroductionThe tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L. (= sin. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), originated in the Andean zone of South America but was domesticated in Mexico and introduced to Europe in 1544
We examined the resistance of tomato strains rich in 2-tridecanone (2-TD), zingiberene (ZGB), or acyl sugars (AA) to the tomato moth, Tuta absoluta
We studied whether strains with greater densities of glandular trichomes possessed satisfactory levels of resistance to the moth

Summary

Introduction

The tomato, Solanum lycopersicum L. (= sin. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), originated in the Andean zone of South America but was domesticated in Mexico and introduced to Europe in 1544. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), originated in the Andean zone of South America but was domesticated in Mexico and introduced to Europe in 1544. It later spread from Europe to South and East Asia, Africa, and the Middle East and was later returned to South America (NAIKA et al, 2006). Brazil cultivates approximately 60,000 hectares of tomatoes, yielding a total of 3.1 million tons and an average yield of 57.3 kg/hectare (EMBRAPA HORTALIÇAS, 2009). The tomato is cultivated throughout the year in tropical and subtropical regions with good economic prospects, and the total cultivated area increases each year (EMBRAPA HORTALIÇAS, 2009). The tomato plays an important role in the Brazilian economy and is emerging as the most important crop produced in the country.

Methods

Results

Conclusion