Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the resistance of a group of clones and cultivars from the potato breeding program of Embrapa to Meloidogyne javanica. The experiment was conducted at Embrapa Temperate Climate, Pelotas / RS, under greenhouse conditions at temperatures of 25 ± 5°C. Individual potato plants of different genotypes [BRSIPR Bel, BRS F63 (Camila), CL02-05, F23-11-06, F32-02-06, F38-03-07, F189-09-06, F23-24-06 and F22-01-08], kept in pots with sterilized soil were inoculated with 5,000 eggs and J2 of M. javanica, using six replicates per treatment. The susceptible control, potato cultivar BRS Ana was inoculated with the same level of inoculum. Fifty-five days after inoculation, the number of galls on the roots of each plant was determined as well as the number of protuberances caused by nematodes in the different treatments. Then, the roots of each plant were processed for counting the number of eggs and J2, as well as determining the nematode reproduction factor (FR: final population / initial population). All genotypes were susceptible (FR> 1.00) to M. javanica. However, there were different levels of susceptibility among the cultivars tested.
Highlights
Potato culture (Solanum tuberosum L.) is affected by various phytosanitary problems which cause losses in production or influence the quality of tubers (ZAMBOLIM, 2011)
Variable losses occur as a result of the planting season and the level of soil infestation (GOMES; SOUZA, 2003)
The external symptoms of tuber infection become visible in the form of protuberances of different sizes, commonly known as "popping" (GOMES; SOUZA, 2003)
Summary
Potato culture (Solanum tuberosum L.) is affected by various phytosanitary problems which cause losses in production or influence the quality of tubers (ZAMBOLIM, 2011). Nematodes pose serious problems to the crop in most growing regions (ESTEVES; MALEITA; ABRATES, 2015), the main cause of potato damage are root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), lesions (Pratylenchus spp.) and cyst-forming (Globodera spp.) (YOUSSEF, 2013). In Brazil, different species of the Meloidogyne genus are widely distributed in the various potato producing regions. Losses caused by root-knot nematode can reach 100% in potato producing areas. In a single potato crop with low initial population levels, the nematodes undergo at least three cycles, during which the invasion of tubers by newly hatched juveniles is continuous and can cause severe damage (BROWN et al, 2006)
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