Resistance of Peach and Plum Rootstocks from Spain, France, and Italy to Root-knot Nematode Meloidogyne javanica

Abstract

Two trials involving 20 Prunus rootstocks were conducted under greenhouse conditions to screen for resistance to root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne javanica (Treub.) Chitwood]. Many of the tested materials are interspecific hybrid rootstocks and represent new commercial peach (P. persica Batsch) and plum (Prunus sp.) releases or experimental genotypes of Spanish, French, and Italian origin. In the first trial, the rootstocks Adesoto 101 (P. insititia L.), Bruce (P. salicina Lindl. × P. angustifolia Marsh.), Ishtara, AC-952 (P. insititia), Garnem [P. dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb × P. persica], Cadaman [P. persica × P. davidiana (Carr.) Franch], and Orotava (P. salicina) were immune or resistant to a mixture of 10 isolates of M. javanica. The remaining rootstocks, Myrocal (P. cerasifera Ehr.), Montclar (P. persica), and Adafuel (P. dulcis × P. persica), were susceptible. In the second screening trial, the plum rootstocks Adesoto 101, Adara (P. cerasifera), Myro-10 (P. cerasifera), Constantí (P. domestica L.), and AD 105 (P. insititia) were immune to the root-knot nematode. Cadaman, G × N No. 17 (P. dulcis × P. persica), and Tetra (P. domestica) were resistant. Laroda F1OP (P. salicina), Myro-almond (P. cerasifera × P. dulcis), and the peach–almond hybrids Mayor, Adafuel, and Sirio were susceptible.