Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate genotypes of Cucurbita moschata and Cucurbita maxima for resistance to the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina (Taissi) Goid. The experiment used 17 accessions of Cucurbita moschata Duchesne (ABTOU 805 F1, ABO 168, ABPUN 206 F4, ABPUN 201 F6, ABTOU 805 F4, ABPUN 206 F6, ABPUN 206 F2, ABPUN 206 F1, ROCA DE PAI, ABTOU 805 F4, P114-1, P160-2, P11-2, P114-6, P131-21, P114-02 and P97-1), 20 accessions of Cucurbita maxima Duchesne (ABPUN-213, ABCRN-304, ABTOU-802-F4, ABAPO-002, ABAPO-005, JCCM-2014, ABO-156, ABPUN-212, ABCRN-315, ABTOU-802 F1, ABAPO-007, JERIMUM LU, ABAPO-024, ABPUN-211, RGV 2011.1 01, ABCRN-306, ABBAR-101, ABCRN-302, ABTOU-802 F3 and JCCA) preserved in the Cucurbit Germplasm Collection of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region (UFERSA). Four commercial controls were also used, two for each species. In both studies, three isolates of M . phaseolina were inoculated, which are kept at the Fungal Culture Collection of UFERSA: MM1531 (GenBank: MN136199), ME249 and ME250. Plants received inoculum of the pathogen in pieces of colonized toothpick and were evaluated for incidence and severity of the disease. Both species showed resistant plants, but with varied frequencies for the accessions. Considering the species, the frequencies observed for C. moschata were higher than those observed for C. maxima.
Highlights
The Cucurbitaceae family includes pumpkins, and melons among others, being economically important regarding its use as food (SALEHI et al, 2019)
Six days after inoculation it was already possible to visualize the first symptoms of stem rot by M. phaseolinain C. maxima, while it was only possible to make this observation in C. moschata 20 days after inoculation
In some plants the disease did not manifest itself at the site of toothpick insertion, but the symptom arose in another part of the stem
Summary
The Cucurbitaceae family includes pumpkins, and melons among others, being economically important regarding its use as food (SALEHI et al, 2019). (1947), which affects several economically important crops of the family, such as melon and watermelon (MEDEIROS et al, 2015). The pathogen occurs in more than 680 plant species, with great geographical distribution, surviving under the most adverse conditions due to the formation of resistance structures called microsclerotia (LINHARES et al, 2016), being able to affect from roots to leaves, pods, and fruits of plant species (ISHIKAWA et al, 2018; SALES JÚNIOR et al, 2020). The rot of the coal infects roots in periods of drought and the infected or dead roots become substrate for the fungus that enters activity in the humid period (BROETTO et al, 2014), causing the reduction of yield and quality of several fruits, such like melon (AMBROSIO et al, 2015). The ideal environmental conditions for its occurrence are high temperatures (25 to 35 °C) and soils with a low level of humidity (LINHARES et al, 2016)
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