Abstract
This study examined gender differences after resistance exercise (RE) by measuring fasting plasma levels of creatine kinase, lipid profile, blood glucose, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and leptin. Thirteen women (23.6 ± 7.3 years) and 11 men (29.5 ± 9 years) were enrolled in the study. Two bouts of RE were performed on two different occasions separated by 48 h each. Blood samples were collected and analyzed at baseline and 15 h after the last RE session. Increased creatine kinase levels and improvements in lipid profile and blood glucose were found for both genders. No changes in adiponectin and TNF-α levels were observed for both genders, but leptin levels were reduced (p < 0.05) only for women after RE. Collectively, our findings clearly show that RE was effective in lowering blood glucose and that this effect was not accompanied by changes in adiponectin levels in healthy subjects, indicating that RE is still an important tool for the prevention of metabolic diseases. Furthermore, two sessions of RE promoted a reduction in leptin levels in women, even though no changes in body weight were found, showing that RE is an interesting approach to study obese patients and metabolic regulation.
Highlights
A healthy lifestyle has been strongly associated with the practice of regular physical activity, and evidence has shown that physically active subjects have greater longevity with a reduction in morbidity and mortality[1]
Data are mean ± SD. # difference between groups. * Difference between preand post- exercise resistance sessions. This is the first study to verify the adipokine responses to a controlled Resistance exercise (RE) protocol in healthy untrained subjects, though other related studies have investigated special populations, such as diabetics[13], obese[9], elderly[14], and athletes[15]
The main findings of this report were a) the leptin levels of women are more responsive to RE than those of men b) RE is effective in lowering metabolic parameters in both genders, measured by lipid profile and blood glucose
Summary
A healthy lifestyle has been strongly associated with the practice of regular physical activity, and evidence has shown that physically active subjects have greater longevity with a reduction in morbidity and mortality[1]. Aerobic exercise prevents and reduces the deleterious effects of several chronic diseases[2]. Resistance exercise (RE) is associated with an increase in muscle strength, power, and rate of force development, improving performance in daily activities and quality of life[3]. Studies have shown that RE can prevent diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, mainly in elderly and sedentary people[3,4]. It has been reported that molecular and cellular abnormalities associated with the development of obesity and insulin resistance are initiated in the youth.[5] there is an association between an early onset of physical activity practice and a lower occurrence of endocrine and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood[6]
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