Resistance enhancement of faba bean plants to rust disease by some compounds and plant extracts

Abstract

The current study aimed to evaulate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium chloride and sulfur nanoparticles, aqueous plant extracts of pelargonium, thyme and carnation and Tilt 25% fungicide for controlling fabae bean rust disease and investigate the induction of resistance of faba bean plants against rust disease. All above treatments were tested on urediniospores germination of Uromyces viciae-fabae in vitro. Among the treatments used, hydrogen peroxide at 50 mM and pelargonium extract at 20% were the most effective, which decreased of urediniospores germination 34.2 and 36.75%, respectively, than the other treatments. Spraying of infected faba bean plants Spanish cultivar with all tested treatments was effective in reducing disease severity of rust disease under greenhouse and field conditions. The highest reduction in disease severity was observed in case of Tilt 25% fungicide treatment, followed by hydrogen peroxide. Furthermore, all treatments significantly increased total phenol content and enzymes activity in treated plants compared to untreated plants. Morevere, the application of these treatments enhanced significantly all studied agronomic characters, i.e., plant height (cm), number of pods per plant and weight of 100 seeds (gm). The study indicated that these treatments can be useful for the protection of faba bean plants from rust disease, especially in clean farming.