Abstract
In the settlement network of Italian small towns (the so-called “borghi”, with a population ceiling lower than 5000 inhabitants), not lacking in discontinuities and patches, a “common thread” is increasingly noticeable, which allows to look optimistically beyond several weaknesses (economy depending on a relatively unprofitable or declining agriculture, social and economic stasis, demographic decline and consequent contraction of public and private services, hydrogeological instability, etc.): we are talking of the firm, pigheaded determination of an increasing number of local communities to become sustainable and responsible realities, get involved, and undertake a process of “hot authentication” of their milieu. Since 2013, such resilient attitude is at the heart of the National Strategy for Inner Areas (SNAI, Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne) aimed at promoting coordinated, multi-scalar projects of self-enhancement; in April 2019, the above innovative form of territorial planning was selected by the European Parliament as a model for the 2021–2027 programming period of the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).This paper reviews the original and creative bottom-up enhancement process being implemented in several towns of the “Monti Dauni” sub-region, a pilot marginal area identified by Apulian regional authorities within the SNAI. In these small towns, local players aim at maximizing the opportunities of sustainable, experiential tourism by offering an uncontaminated environment, ancient knowledge, genuine flavours and deep emotions to all visitors who wish to achieve a deeper knowledge of the territorial identity instead of being mere spectators, by adopting an active and engaged attitude.
Highlights
The long-standing issue of Italian inner areas lack of development has been periodically debated by the scientific and political community.In Italy, inner areas are territories significantly distant from key welfare services but, at the same time, they are characterized by a huge amount of territorial capital in terms of environmental and cultural resources, highly diversified in nature and as a consequence of anthropization processes [1].These areas represent the 60% of the whole national territory, organized in 4000 municipalities of small-medium size and host one-quarter of the Italian population [2].The one above is a functional, political–strategic definition, which inspired the outlining of the National Strategy for Inner Areas (Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne, on SNAI)
For a long time, such a debate was driven by an historical approach, aimed at a better understanding of the origins of Inner Areas: these can be traced to the 1950s, when Italian
Within these small towns, following the established principles of sustainability and social cohesion [4], local players aim at maximizing the opportunities of sustainable, experiential tourism by offering an uncontaminated environment, ancient knowledge, genuine flavors, and deep emotions to all visitors who wish to achieve a deeper knowledge of the territorial identity instead of being mere spectators, adopting an active and engaged attitude
Summary
Antonietta Ivona 1, * , Antonella Rinella 2 , Francesca Rinella 1 , Federica Epifani 3 and Sara Nocco 2. Development Paths: A Comparison of Case Studies.
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