Resilient Green Cellular IoT for Landslide Monitoring Using Voice Channels

Sangeeth Kumar,Subhasri Duttagupta,Venkat P Rangan

doi:10.3390/jsan10030059

Sangeeth Kumar, Subhasri Duttagupta + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/jsan10030059

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Abstract

A wide-scale outdoor remote deployment involves a large number of low-cost nodes that are powered by green energy, such as solar. We deal with such a system for landslide monitoring where the tiny nodes with ultra-low memory as little as 2 KB are directly connected to the Internet using cellular networks, thereby constituting Cellular IoT’s (C-IoT). This makes them vulnerable to a wide range of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks during their collaborative communications. Further, due to memory constraints, the nodes are not able to run resource-hungry security algorithms. Existing IoT protocols also cannot offer resiliency to DoS attacks for these memory-constrained devices. This paper proposes the Voice Response Internet of Things (VRITHI), which addresses the above issues by using the voice channel between the nodes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solution in the IoT domain where both the voice and data channels are being used for collaborative communications. Evaluation results demonstrate that VRITHI is able to reduce external DoS attacks from 82–65% to less than 28% and improves real-time communications in such a memory-constrained environment. In addition, it also contributes to green IoT energy saving by more than 50% in comparison with other IoT protocols.

Highlights

It stops responding to incoming messages. This discontinuity in periodic transmission of data to data management center (DMC) could be due to various reasons, such as (i) lack of node power, (ii) lack of cellular signal strength, (iii) absence of data communications while only the voice connection is available, or (iv) due to Denial of Service (DoS) attack
We propose a novel method called Voice Response Internet of Things (VRITHI) for the Green Industrial Internet of Things with ultra-low resource hardware where nodes are directly exposed to Internet without any intermediate nodes, such as gateway
VRITHI employs dual-channel communication mechanism where a voice channel is used for control signals followed by a data channel for the actual communications

Summary

Introduction

Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Internet of Things is experiencing a greater push to provide green solutions for a sustainable environment. Green Internet of Things is more relevant in remote outdoor areas without easy access to electricity. A large scale IoT deployment for practical applications [1,2] involving hundreds of nodes can drastically reduce the energy consumption by adopting Green IoT. For remote monitoring and data collections, the IoT nodes mostly connect through a resource-rich gateway in the field to the data center.

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