Abstract
There are world tendencies to implement interconnected infrastructures of energy-water-waste-transportation-food-health-social systems to enhance the overall performance in normal and emergency situations where there are multiple interactions among them with possible conversions and improved efficiencies. Hybrid energy systems are core elements within interconnected infrastructures with possible conversions among electricity, thermal, gas, hydrogen, waste, and transportation networks. This could be improved with storage systems and intelligent control systems. It is important to study resiliency of hybrid energy systems within interconnected infrastructures to ensure reduced risks and improved performance. This paper presents framework for the analysis of resiliency layers as related to protection layers. Case study of hybrid energy system as integrated with water, waste, and transportation infrastructures is presented where different resiliency and protection layers are assessed. Performance measures are modeled and evaluated for possible interconnection scenarios with internal and external factors that led to resiliency demands. Resiliency layers could trigger protection layers under certain conditions, which are evaluated to achieve high performance hybrid energy systems within interconnected infrastructures. The proposed approach will support urban, small, and remote communities to achieve high performance interconnected infrastructures for normal and emergency situations.
Highlights
Smart cities offer the occupants of each community quality of life and wellbeing in terms of community development, economy, health, food, transportation, social, safety, security, and education
Independent resiliency layers defined basedbased on inherent resiliency layers layers (IRD), (IRD), resiliency controlcontrol system system (RCS), resiliency are defined on inherent resiliency resiliency (RCS), realarm management (RAM), and resiliency interlock interlock systems (RIS)
Performance gap is the difference between original system performance and the achieved performance after applying resiliency layers, which is defined as “P-Gap”
Summary
Smart cities offer the occupants of each community quality of life and wellbeing in terms of community development, economy, health, food, transportation, social, safety, security, and education This is important for normal and emergency situations such as extreme weather conditions. Other techniques for quantitative resiliency analysis based on probabilistic analysis to meet system performance [9] These techniques did not discuss response time to return to normal operation and the gap between ideal performance and the performance where system is returned to after resiliency actions. It is important to discuss design and operation scenarios and control strategies when studying resiliency where resiliency demands will be clarified and could be linked to potential resiliency actions and related systems [12]. The analysis of different initiating triggers, causes, consequences, and the proposed resiliency layers are explained in this paper and compared with the previous work to show a comprehensive model for both individual and interconnected systems
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