Abstract
Flexible voltage controllers (FVCs), such as voltage regulation transformers (VRTs) and shunt capacitor banks (SCBs), can play a significant role in enhancing the resilience of active distribution systemS (ADS) equipped with large-scale renewable distributed generation. In this paper, a comprehensive resilience response framework is presented, which provides preventive and emergency actions both before and after hurricane events. In this study, a preventive action identifies the on/off state of dispatchable distributed generation (DDG) units and discrete settings of FVCs for both before and after a hurricane event, whereas an emergency action includes the redispatch of DDG unit, load curtailment, and voltage regulation after a hurricane event. The core of the proposed framework is a trilevel max–min robust optimization (MMRO) model, which enhances the resilience of the ADS operation problem against multistage extreme N − k contingencies and renewable power generation uncertainty. The proposed MMRO model is formulated as a mixed-integer convex programming model by relaxing nonconvex AC power flow equations into mixed-integer second-order cone relaxation (MISOCR) equations. Finally, to test the effectiveness of the proposed trilevel MMRO model, we conduct experiments on a modified IEEE-33/69 bus distribution system. The numerical results show that the proposed trilevel MMRO model is an effective model for enhancing the resilience of ADSs.
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