Abstract
The COVID-19 global pandemic hit the aviation industry hard since the end of 2019. It has had an immediate, dramatic impact on airport traffic and revenue. Airports are the important nodes in the aviation system network, and the failure of a single airport can often affect the surrounding airports. The purpose of our analysis is to show how is the resilience and recovery of airports in the global public health crisis. Much research on resilience can be found in air transportation networks facing natural hazards or extreme weather, which focus on the robustness of the airport network. These methods are not suitable for the global public health event. Therefore, based on the collection of existing data, we combined with existing resilience measurement methods to analyze the resilience and recovery of airports during the global public health crisis. The resilience metrics results reflect the recovery of airports very well under different strategies. Here, we analyze airport network resilience by considering the performance-based methods. We integrate some metrics such as aircraft movements, passenger throughput, and freight throughput in the resilience metrics model, comparing the resilience evaluation under different preventive and control strategies, which can reflect the airport’s recovery speed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our analysis indicates that the aviation system network deteriorates soon after the COVID-19 outbreak, but the recovery level of the aviation industry depends on what measures are taken to prevent and control the COVID-19 epidemic. In particular, the recovery of the aviation system network in Europe takes longer than in China, due to different prevention and control strategies for COVID-19. The study proves that the emergency response ability of the country for the public health crisis has a significant positive impact on speeding up the recovery of the aviation system.
Highlights
Academic Editor: Luigi Rodino e COVID-19 global pandemic hit the aviation industry hard since the end of 2019
Much research on resilience can be found in air transportation networks facing natural hazards or extreme weather, which focus on the robustness of the airport network. ese methods are not suitable for the global public health event. erefore, based on the collection of existing data, we combined with existing resilience measurement methods to analyze the resilience and recovery of airports during the global public health crisis. e resilience metrics results reflect the recovery of airports very well under different strategies
In the paper, based on the existing resilience metric measures methods, we develop a model of the airport network resilience following the collectible data of airport operation in different countries, which obtains the results of the rapid emergency response of various national airports facing sudden global public health events
Summary
Erefore, we can propose the threedimensional resilience triangle model of airport networks under the epidemic crisis, which includes absorptive capacity, adaptive capacity, and restorative capacity (see Figure 2). Erefore, according to the airport production statistics data of four regions released by CAAC released, which are East region, Middle (MID) region, West region, and Northeast (NE) region, we analyze resilience recovery of the mainland airports in China during the COVID-19 epidemic (see Table 1). Due to the special geographical location and strict prevention measures of Beijing Airport (ZBAA) [43], CAAC has implemented a very strict epidemic prevention policy, and the flight volume recovery is relatively low Some countries such as Europe and the United States initially lacked awareness of COVID-19, so they took prevention and control measures slowly. Facing the global public crisis, it has different results by different strategies to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic. e strategy 1 is very strict, but strategy 2 is not severe. e results of strategy 1
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