Abstract
Validated measures are needed for assessing resilience in conflict settings. An Arabic version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) was developed and tested in Jordan. Following qualitative work, surveys were implemented with male/female, refugee/nonrefugee samples (N = 603, 11–18 years). Confirmatory factor analyses tested three‐factor structures for 28‐ and 12‐item CYRMs and measurement equivalence across groups. CYRM‐12 showed measurement reliability and face, content, construct (comparative fit index = .92–.98), and convergent validity. Gender‐differentiated item loadings reflected resource access and social responsibilities. Resilience scores were inversely associated with mental health symptoms, and for Syrian refugees were unrelated to lifetime trauma exposure. In assessing individual, family, and community‐level dimensions of resilience, the CYRM is a useful measure for research and practice with refugee and host‐community youth.
Highlights
Validated measures are needed for assessing resilience in conflict settings
Resilience scores were inversely associated with mental health symptoms, and for Syrian refugees were unrelated to lifetime trauma exposure
There are a few widely used measures of resilience that could potentially be adapted for use with Arabic-speaking youth, such as the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC; Connor & Davidson, 2003), the Resilience Scale (Wagnild & Young, 1993), the Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al, 2008), and the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM; Ungar & Liebenberg, 2011)
Summary
Validated measures are needed for assessing resilience in conflict settings. An Arabic version of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure (CYRM) was developed and tested in Jordan. Given an increased concern for the mental health and psychosocial wellbeing of conflict-affected, refugee, and displaced child and adolescent populations (Reed, Fazel, Jones, Panter-Brick, & Stein, 2012), repeated calls have been made to develop reliable and valid measures of resilience in late childhood and adolescence (e.g., Windle, Bennett, & Noyes, 2011), a crucial time in the transition to adulthood for social, biological, and cognitive development (Panter-Brick & Leckman, 2013). In their meta-analysis, conducted before the final development of the CYRM, Windle et al (2011) found that there was “no current ‘gold standard’ amongst 15 measures of resilience” (p. 17) available for use with children, adolescents, or adults at the time, and emphasized that “a choice of valid resilience measures for use with different populations is urgently needed” (p. 17)
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