Abstract
Resilience thinking is inevitably systems thinking, at least as much as sustainable development is. In fact, “when considering systems of humans and nature (social-ecological systems) it is important to consider the system as a whole.” The term “resilience” originated in the 1970s in the field of ecology from the research of C.S. Holling, who defined resilience as “a measure of the persistence of systems and of their ability to absorb change and disturbance and still maintain the same relationships between populations or state variables.” In short, resilience is best defined as “the ability of a system to absorb disturbances and still retain its basic function and structure.”
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