Abstract
Different means of residual stress distribution monitoring in magnetic rods are illustrated in this paper, through measurements of permeability, magnetoelastic uniformity using two different setups, sound velocity, and eddy currents. The effectiveness of these techniques was assessed through the stress monitoring of the same magnetic rod, suffering residual stresses in two known volumes caused by controlled hammering. Furthermore, rehabilitation has been achieved by means of stress annihilation, achieved by localized induction heating. As a result, the magnetoelastic and sound velocity uniformity measurements are more appropriate for the monitoring of localized residual stresses, while eddy current measurements are useful for the monitoring of the geometrical deformation.
Highlights
Residual stress distribution monitoring and rehabilitation in steels is one of the most important key performance indicators (KPI) in steel industry [1]
The residual stress tensor distribution of a given steel coupon can be realized, either for the surface (XRD-BB) or the bulk (ND) of the coupon. Both of these methods offer an uncertainty in stress monitoring in the order of 5%, while recent advances permitted improving the uncertainty down to 1%
Two directions the length of the magnetic rod and was detected netic. This of elastic pulse was propagating as elastic wave along the two directions of theturn length of the rod andsubstrate was detected by themade search coil. ofThe coilmagnetic used and of along by thethe twosearch directions the300 length ofsearch the magnetic rodthe andsame was detected by thewas search coil
Summary
Residual stress distribution monitoring and rehabilitation in steels is one of the most important key performance indicators (KPI) in steel industry [1]. The strain gauge method is based on the change of the resistivity of a metallic sensing element, glued (or connected by any non-destructive means) on the tested surface (in the surface of the tested steel for the needs of the current study) Such a technique offers the measurement of tensile and compressive stresses in the volume beneath the strain gauge, after the strain gauge is firmly set on top of the tested surface. The residual stress tensor distribution of a given steel coupon can be realized, either for the surface (XRD-BB) or the bulk (ND) of the coupon Both of these methods offer an uncertainty in stress monitoring in the order of 5%, while recent advances permitted improving the uncertainty down to 1%.
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