Abstract
BackgroundResidual malaria is probably an important source for the re-emergence of malaria infection in the elimination era. Assessment to identify the factors influencing residual malaria in high-risk groups is needed to develop evidence-based decisions by stakeholders and policymakers.MethodsThis study was conducted to explore the factors influencing the residual malaria infection among migrant workers in two sentinel sites (endemic vs. pre-elimination areas) in Myanmar using the mixed-model method.ResultsA total of 102 migrant respondents (65 in Bamauk and 37 in Shwegyin) were included for the quantitative assessment using pretested questionnaires during household visits. Although 87.3% of them had insecticidal bed nets (ITNs/LLINs), only 68.3% of the migrants in Bamauk and 57.9% in Shwegyin used it regularly. The use of any bed net was high (79.9% in Bamauk vs. 91.0% in Shwegyin). The mean LLINs in their families were 1.64 (95%CI: 1.48–1.81) in Bamauk and 2.89 (95%CI: 2.67–3.11) in Shwegyin. Most of them received no health information for malaria prevention within the last year and their knowledge about malaria was low. Their working nature was a challenge for control measures against malaria in migrants.ConclusionThe strategy for distributing LLINs and health promotion activities for mobile/migrant populations should be reviewed, and an appropriate action plan should be developed for the specific migrant group. Moreover, health promotion activities for behavior change communication should be strengthened in the migrant population in Myanmar.
Highlights
Residual malaria is probably an important source for the re-emergence of malaria infection in the elimination era
A total of 102 household visits composed of 65 migrant families in Bamauk and 37 in Shwegyin were conducted in this study
Very few migrants lived with families, while most were living with other migrants in the temporary camp situated in deep-forest in their workplace
Summary
Residual malaria is probably an important source for the re-emergence of malaria infection in the elimination era. Assessment to identify the factors influencing residual malaria in high-risk groups is needed to develop evidence-based decisions by stakeholders and policymakers. Myanmar is moving forward to malaria elimination by 2030 as the decreasing trend of reported cases within the last decades. Between 2005 and 2015, malaria incidence in Myanmar was decreased by 81%, malaria mortality by 94%, and in-patient admission rate by 87%. 291 of 330 townships were classified as malaria-endemic, reporting a total of 110,146 clinical cases of malaria and 21 malaria-attributable deaths in these endemic areas where 43.9 million people were living in 2016 [1]. In Myanmar, a national strategic plan for intensifying malaria control and accelerating progress toward malaria elimination 2016–2020 was formulated.
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