Abstract
Background: The present investigation was undertaken to assess the residual influence of organic materials and biofertilizers applied to rice and wheat on yield, nutrient status, and economics of succeeding mung bean in an organic cropping system. The field experiments were carried out on the research farm of IARI, New Delhi during crop cycles of 2006 to 2007 and 2007 to 2008 to study the effects of residual organic manures, crop residues, and biofertilizers applied to rice and wheat on the performance of succeeding mung bean. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Treatments consisted of six combinations of different residual organic materials, and biofertilizers included residual farmyard manure (FYM) and vermicompost (VC) applied on nitrogen basis at 60 kg ha �1 to each rice and wheat crops, FYM + wheat and rice residues at 6 t ha �1 and mung bean residue at 3 t ha �1 in succeeding crops (CR), VC + CR, FYM + CR + biofertilizers (B), VC + CR + B, and control (no fertilizer applied). For biofertilizers, cellulolytic culture, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and Rhizobium applied in mung bean. Results: Incorporation of crop residue significantly increased the grain yield of mung bean over residual of FYM and VC by 25.5% and 26.5%, respectively. The combinations of FYM + CR + B and VC + RR + B resulted in the highest increase growth and yield attributing characters of mung bean and increased grain yield of mung bean over the control by 47% and net return by 27%. Conclusions: The present study thus indicate that a combination of FYM + CR + B and VC + CR + B were economical for the nutrient need of mung bean in organic farming of rice-based cropping system.
Highlights
With the constant expansion of the world population, there is an increase in demand for food and raw materials
The study of soil comes from two areas of riparian veg‐ etation being one composed of trees and other soils were collected at a depth of 0-20 cm, the soil samples were analyzed in the laboratory of the Brazilian Agricul‐ tural Research Corporation—Embrapa Forestry and soil laboratory of the Federal University of Parana (UFPR) to determine their chemical composition and organic matter q = a + b cqe
The average amount of organic matter present in soil consisting of woody vegetation was 370.9 g kg−1; as for the land areas composed per gram, the amount of organic matter was observed 99.10 g kg−1
Summary
With the constant expansion of the world population, there is an increase in demand for food and raw materials. An estimate of the United Nations (2008) stated that in 2050, the number of people on the planet will be approximately nine billion. This constant expansion of the population has driven the development of new technologies in the agribusiness segment, such as nanotechnology, biotechnology, natural resource management, and new pesticides. Pesticides are substances with toxic action and include herbicides, insecticides, miticides, fungicides, and others (EXTOXNET 1996; Spark and Swift 2002); Illani et al. Corporation—EMBRAPA, Colombo, PR 83411‐000, Brazil. These chemical compounds have active ingredients formulated to prevent, combat, or destroy unwanted species or diseases that might interfere with agricultural production or in the storage and transport of planted crops (McBride 1994; Jakelaitis et al 2006)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
