Residual Effect of Gypsum and Phosphate Fertilization on the Second Corn Crop

Héliton De Oliveira Resende,Claudio Hideo Martins Da Costa,Magno Gonçalves Braz,Izamara Fonseca Tempesta,Alex Oliveira Smaniotto,Simério Carlos Silva Cruz

doi:10.5539/jas.v11n6p535

Héliton De Oliveira Resende, Claudio Hideo Martins Da Costa + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n6p535

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the residual effect of the gypsum when used with phosphate fertilization on the mineral nutrition, development and yield of second corn crop. The experiment was conducted at UFJ, with an experimental design consisting of 15 treatments established in randomized blocks in a 5 &times; 3 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates. The first factor corresponded to doses of gypsum (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 Mg ha-1) and the second factor corresponded to doses of phosphorus (0, 40 and 80 kg ha-1). 16 months after the application of the various doses and treatments of agricultural gypsum, the following components were evaluated: dry root mass, macro and micronutrient contents in the leaves, production components and grain yield. The residual effect (16 months) of gypsum did not increase efficiency of phosphate fertilization for second corn crop. Under water stress conditions, the yield of corn grains responds to the application of agricultural gypsum above that of the dose recommended by the formula NP = 5 &times; g kg-1 of clay, which for this research is 2.93 Mg ha-1 of gypsum. Phosphorus provides increases in corn grain yield only when 100% of the recommended dose is applied.

Highlights

The cultivation of plants and the raising of livestock are complementary and elementary activities for the growth of a region
The small crop or second corn crop of the year, known locally in Brazil as milho safrinha, which is sown from January to March, stands out as one of the main grain crops produced in Brazil, mainly in the South, Southeast and Center West, being sown immediately after the soybean harvest (CONAB, 2017)
Among the main factors of the soil that limit the full development of the root system of agricultural crops are those of a physical nature, such as compaction, reduction of porosity and soil aeration, as well as those of a chemical nature, such as an excess of aluminum (Al3+) and the low levels of calcium (Ca2+) and P in subsurface

Summary

Introduction

The cultivation of plants and the raising of livestock are complementary and elementary activities for the growth of a region. In this context, the corn crop (Zea mays) is of great importance.

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