Abstract
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is common among pre-school children in Shanghai. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for childhood AD from the perspectives of home environment, demographics and parents-grandparents’ atopic disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai in April–June, 2010. Preschool children’s parents or guardians were invited to participate a questionnaire survey in six districts (two urban and four suburban/rural) and 6624 children were finally recruited (51.3% boys). AD diagnosis was based on the U.K. Working Party’s (UKWP) criteria. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated by multiple logistic regression. Results: A total of 8.5% of children ever had AD. Around 10.2% of the mothers had lived in newly renovated/decorated homes (NRDH) during the prenatal period (one year before or during pregnancy) and 9.5% got new home furniture (NHF) during the same period. AD was more common in children when mothers had lived in NRDH homes during the prenatal period (AOR = 1.41; 95% CI 1.03–1.93), the current home had indoor mold (2.00, 1.48–2.70), parents-grandparents’ had atopic diseases (3.85, 3.05–4.87), the children had food allergy (3.40, 2.63–4.40) or children lived in urban area (1.52, 1.18–1.96). Associations between AD and NRDH, NHF and indoor molds were only significant in children without parents-grandparents’ atopic diseases. There was an interaction effect between parents-grandparents’ atopic diseases and NRDH (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Home renovation/ redecoration, new furniture and indoor mold, urban residency, heredity disposition and food allergy can be risk factors for childhood AD in Shanghai.
Highlights
Atopic dermatitis (AD) was diagnosed in 8.5% of the children and 22.3% of the parents or grandparents had a history of atopic diseases (Figure 2)
A higher prevalence of AD was found in children who had parents or grandparents’ atopic disease (21.8% vs. 4.6%, p < 0.001)
Among home environmental factors, living in newly renovated/decorated homes during the prenatal period (AOR 1.41; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) 1.03–1.93) and presence of indoor molds in the current dwelling (AOR 2.00; 95% CI 1.48–2.70) were significantly associated with AD
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease in children, especially in dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease in children, especially in young Atopic children.The prevalence of childhood AD has substantially increased in many countries [1]. young children.The prevalence childhood substantially increased in many countries [1].This increase has been too rapid toofbe explainedAD by has genetic changes and changes in environmentalThis increase hassuggested been too as rapid be explained by genetic and changes in factors have been the to possible explanation for thechanges increased prevalence of environmental AD [2].factors have been suggested as the possible explanation for the increased prevalence of ADsmoking [2].There are many factors demonstrated to be associated with AD: personal factors (e.g., There are many factors demonstrated to be associated withAD: personal factors (e.g., smoking habits, age, gender, nutritional status, number of siblings, lifestyle, allergy status, family history and habits, age,[2]gender, nutritional status, number of factors siblings, lifestyle, status, family history occupation) and indoor/outdoor environmental (e.g., houseallergy dust mite, animal dander, and occupation) and indoor/outdoor environmental factors (e.g., house dust mite, animal dander, molds, cockroach [2]infestation, occupational exposure, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), air molds, cockroach infestation, occupational exposure, environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), air pollution, pollution, aeroallergens and climate) [3,4,5]. The prevalence childhood substantially increased in many countries [1]. This increase has been too rapid toofbe explainedAD by has genetic changes and changes in environmental. This increase hassuggested been too as rapid be explained by genetic and changes in factors have been the to possible explanation for thechanges increased prevalence of environmental AD [2]. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for childhood AD from the perspectives of home environment, demographics and parents-grandparents’ atopic disease.
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