Abstract
Problem statement: It was intended to diagnose and treat the disorders of female reproductive system where they are exposed to environmentally toxic pesticides and estrogenic compounds like bisphenol A which are the main reason for the infertility problems. Approach: Human saliva contains arrays of proteins that have distinct biological functions. Results: Salivary hormones concentrations of luteinising hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen as well as estrone-1-glucuronide, were assayed in 20 normal menstruating women who were among the reproductive phases like preovulatory phase (6-12 days); Ovulatory phase (13-14 days) and Postovulatory phase (15-26 days). It was intended to diagnose and treat the disorders of female reproductive system where they are exposed to environmentally toxic pesticides and estrogenic compounds like bisphenol A which are the main reason for the infertility problems. In this context, the detection of fertile period suggests that the mean value of luteinising hormone (56.58±12.96 mIU L-1) indicates the surge during the time of ovulation. Identifying the period of ovulation would be the easiest way to detect other constituents like follicle stimulating hormone, estrogen and its conjugate like estrone-1-glucuronide are extensively high (p<0.05) was observed. Conclusion: Our results indicated that the salivary hormones like estrogen and its conjugate indicates decrease in ovulatory and postovulatory phase. Further, the environmental toxic materials can also cause problems like infertility. The conclusion is that any physiological effects of estrogen from drinking water will be undetectable in people. The results from hormones suggested that they may be considered in the diagnosis and treatment of ovulation using saliva as the noninvasive specimen.
Highlights
The exact timing of ovulation in women is important to identify the fertile period
Estrogens and progestins are naturally secreted in women as integral components of the menstrual cycle and excreted in urine as conjugated molecules
The fluctuation of estrogen is the best indicator for the identification of ovulation in female cycle and it can be distinguished from woman to woman during their menstrual cycle (Fig. 1b and c)
Summary
The exact timing of ovulation in women is important to identify the fertile period. The fertility therapy like assisted reproduction is achieved is one of the reason as there will be environmental complications which takes place in view of the pesticides resistance exposure and some chemicals in which (i.e., bisphenol A, DDT, Chloroethane, aldrin, dieldrin and eldrin) (Joffe and Li, 1994; Stoker et al, 1994). Estrogens and progestins are naturally secreted in women as integral components of the menstrual cycle and excreted in urine as conjugated molecules. These conjugates are released as the natural stimulation of original steroids such as clomphine
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