Abstract
Characterized by complex lithology and strong heterogeneity, volcanic reservoirs in China developed three reservoir space types: primary pores, secondary pores and fractures. The formation of reservoir space went through the cooling and solidification stage (including blast fragmentation, crystallization differentiation and solidification) and the epidiagenesis stage (including metasomatism, filling, weathering and leaching, formation fluid dissolution and tectonism). Primary pores were formed at the solidification stage, which laid the foundation for the development and transformation of effective reservoirs. Secondary pores were formed at the epidiagenesis stage, with key factors as weathering and leaching, formation fluid dissolution and tectonism. In China, Mesozoic–Cenozoic volcanic rocks developed in the Songliao Basin and Bohai Bay Basin in the east and Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks developed in the Junggar Basin, Santanghu Basin and Tarim Basin in the west. There are primary volcanic reservoirs and secondary volcanic reservoirs in these volcanic rocks, which have good accumulation conditions and great exploration potential.
Highlights
Secondary pores were formed at the epidiagenesis stage, with key factors as weathering and leaching, formation fluid dissolution and tectonism
As sites for hydrocarbon accumulation, reservoirs are very important for research on petroliferous basins
Since the first discovery of hydrocarbon reservoirs in volcanic rocks in the San Juan Basin, California in 1887, exploration history has extended for 120 years
Summary
As sites for hydrocarbon accumulation, reservoirs are very important for research on petroliferous basins. Distributed in a number of petroliferous basins around the world, volcanic rocks are one type of hydrocarbon-bearing rocks, and they may form hydrocarbon reservoirs (Bashari 2000; Chen et al 2014). Since the first discovery of hydrocarbon reservoirs in volcanic rocks in the San Juan Basin, California in 1887, exploration history has extended for 120 years. Over 300 hydrocarbon reservoirs or oil/gas shows related to volcanic rocks have been identified around the world. Research on volcanic reservoirs is more difficult than clastic and carbonate reservoirs It emphasizes the comprehensive application of multiple disciplines, as petroleum geology, volcanology, petrology and reservoir physics theories, together with technologies as gravity-magnetic survey, electric prospecting, seismic, logging, mathematic geology and computer technology (Pan et al 2008; Zhu et al 2010a, b; Chen et al 2014)
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