Abstract
Climate change and changes in weather conditions have the impact on the transport system. Changes in weather conditions cause changes in the transport supply, as well as in transport demand. The first researches about weather impact on transport demand in the cities were carried out at the end of the nineties and have been intensified in the last ten years. Most of the researches about weather impact on trip generation were carried out in the countries of Northern Europe. In recent years, researches are also conducted in European countries that have climate conditions and population habits significantly different from northern European countries. This paper presents an overview of the areas in which weather impact on the trip generation was investigated. The most important conclusions of the conducted research are presented and the weather components that have the greatest influence on the trip generation are indicated. Understanding the weather impact on the transport demand is necessary for the implementation of transportation planning procedures in the upcoming climate change conditions.
Highlights
This paper presents an overview of the areas in which weather impact on the trip generation was investigated
Understanding the weather impact on the transport demand is necessary for the implementation of transportation planning procedures in the upcoming climate change conditions
Summary
Na vangradskoj mreži nepovoljni vremenski uslovi dovode do smanjenja protoka saobraćaja. Na područuju Evrope istraživanja uticaja vremenskih uslova na nastajanje kretanja sprovedena su na teritoriji Belgije, Holandije, Srbije, Škotske, Švajcarske i Švedske. Za polovinu korisnika putničkog automobila utvrđeno je da menjanju obrasce svojih kretanja u nepovoljnim vremenskim uslovima, pri čemu nepovoljni vremenski uslovi najviše utiču na promenu vremena polaska [19]. Autori Liu, Susilo i Karlstrom (2014) sproveli su u Švedskoj istraživanje koje je imalo za cilj analizu uticaja promene vremenskih uslova na karakteristike kretanja onih pojedinca koji nemaju kretanja sa svrhom posao tokom dana. Istraživanje je pokazalo da nepovoljni vremenski uslovi utiču na otkazivanje neobaveznih kretanja (razonoda, rekreacija), dok ne utiču na otkazivanje obaveznih putovanja (odlazak na posao) [29]. Metodom „izjavljenih prilagođavanja“, kao i metodom „izraženih preferencija“ ustanovljeno je da različiti vremenski uslovi imaju drugačiji uticaj na nastajanje kretanja zaposlenih stanovnika na teritoriji Beograda. Mobilnost zaposlenih stanovnika Beograda tokom hladnih dana sa velikim padavinama je 15% manja u odnosu na mobilnost tokom toplih pretežno suvih dana [30]
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