Abstract
Monitoring the tool state during the cutting process becomes very important since the introduction of CAM in manufacturing process. The tool life based only on economic data is not enough especially in the case precision cutting due to the scattering of tool wear which depends on much more mechanical and physical properties of the workpiece and tool materials. Attempts to assess the state of wear of the tool by direct measurement of the wear indicators have been unsuccessful due to difficult access in the cutting zone and measurement imprecision. We have so wear patterns appreciation by measuring indirect indicators of wear, the main models are based on measuring vibration, acoustic emission or cutting forces and power consumption separately or together. These models have the disadvantage that should be followed at least two indicators simultaneously for a minimum precision of the results. Considering the wear models developed over time it can be seen that there is a clear relationship between wear and stabilized temperature. The paper aims to study the introduction temperature as indirect indicator of tool state in addition to the existing indicators, this leads to increased reliability of results of monitoring of wear.
Highlights
During the machining process, in the contact area of the tool and the workpiece, and in the shear aria thermal phenomena occur because almost all the mechanical work is transformed into heat and only a small part is stored in the form of potential energy through the remaining tensions in the metallic crystal network
The cutting tool temperature is one of the most important elements from a practical point of view because it leads to deterioration of the cutting properties of the cutting edge, increasing the wear and decreasing tool life, introducing residual stresses into the machined surface with important economic effects in the cutting process
In the present paper we propose the experimental model based on measuring the temperature of the junction tool-chip and tool-piece, by the method of natural thermocouple, considering it to be the most appropriate because it measures the average junction temperature without introducing changes in the tool or the piece, the cutting process is not influenced constructively by the elements of the method
Summary
In the contact area of the tool and the workpiece, and in the shear aria thermal phenomena occur because almost all the mechanical work is transformed into heat and only a small part is stored in the form of potential energy through the remaining tensions in the metallic crystal network. In the paper [1], the authors present a new analytical method regarding the temperature of the cutting process and the heat generated in the tool-piece-chip when milling special materials They use a semiartificial thermocouple (single-threaded) to measure the temperature. List et al [3] investigated the interface temperature and showed dependence on the wear mechanism at high speed cutting They calculated the shear stress and the heat shared on the rake face by Shaw method and by FEM analyzed the temperature distribution. Papers [5,6] have measured and compared the temperature during turning at different speeds and feeds using covered and uncovered tungsten carbide plates and the method of the K-type thermocouple They concluded that tool temperature reduction improves both lifetime and roughness of the work surface. For the particularization of the theoretical models obtained by the FEM method it is necessary to carry out experimental researches under the same conditions in which simulation and modeling of the cutting process was done in the case of the turning operation
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