Researcher homepage classification using unlabeled data

Abstract

A classifier that determines if a webpage is relevant to a specified set of topics comprises a key component for focused crawling. Can a classifier that is tuned to perform well on training datasets continue to filter out pages in the face of changed content on the Web? We investigate this question in the context of researcher homepage crawling. We show experimentally that trained on existing datasets for homepage identification underperform while classifying irrelevant pages on current-day academic websites. As an alternative to obtaining datasets to retrain the classifier for the new content, we propose to use effectively unlimited amounts of unlabeled data readily available from these websites in a co-training scenario. To this end, we design novel URL-based features and use them in conjunction with content-based features as complementary views of the data to obtain remarkable improvements in accurately identifying homepages from the current-day university websites. In addition, we propose a novel technique for learning a conforming pair of classifiers using mini-batch gradient descent. Our algorithm seeks to minimize a loss (objective) function quantifying the difference in predictions from the two views afforded by co-training. We demonstrate that tuning the so that they make similar predictions on unlabeled data strongly corresponds to the effect achieved by co-training algorithms. We argue that this loss formulation provides insight into understanding the co-training process and can be used even in absence of a validation set.