Abstract
Hybrid lead-halide perovskites have emerged as promising solution-processed semiconductor materials for thin-film optoelectronics. In this review, we discuss current challenges in perovskite LED performance, using thin-film and nano-crystalline perovskite as emitter layers, and look at device performance and stability. Fabrication of electrically pumped, optical-feedback devices with hybrid lead halide perovskites as gain medium is a future challenge, initiated by the demonstration of optically pumped lasing structures with low gain thresholds. We explain the material parameters affecting optical gain in perovskites and discuss the challenges towards electrically pumped perovskite lasers.
Highlights
Halide perovskites are a rich class of materials sharing the classical perovskite crystal structure.[1]
Progress in perovskite light-emitting diode (PeLED) efficiencies can be achieved by making use of previous work in the development of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) and quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) and by combining the perovskite active layer with materials, architectures, and concepts established in this field
Using reported values for these constants from the literature[11,95,96] (a = 5 × 106 s−1, b = 8 × 10−11 cm[3] s−1, and c = 2 × 10−28 cm[6] s−1) and a 10 nm thickness of the gain medium, we find a value of G ∼ 1000 W/cm[2] for optically pumped lasing at 550 nm and a current of ∼500 A/cm[2] for electrical pumping
Summary
Halide perovskites are a rich class of materials sharing the classical perovskite crystal structure.[1]. Solid-state light- (SSL) emitting devices based on inorganic directband-gap materials, especially III-Nitride LEDs, have revolutionised the field and have been used as the main energy-efficient white light source presently available.[22] production of the III-Nitride LEDs requires high-temperature and high-vacuum processes, which prevents them from low-cost use in large-area displays and lighting. Their modest colour purity makes them less attractive for realising optimum colour rendering. PeLEDs have the potential to become a new contender that rivals QLEDs and OLEDs for generation displays
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