Research Trends of Transition Metal Carbonate for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

Transition Metal Carbonates (TMCs) have emerged as promising candidates for advancing the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), driven by the increasing demand for high energy and power density in applications such as electric vehicles. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the potential of TMCs as anode materials for LIBs, focusing on their unique electrochemical properties and mechanisms. TMCs offer advantages such as eco-friendliness, low cost, and high capacity compared to traditional graphite anodes. Their electrochemical stability, achieved through redox reactions of transition metals, enables capacities exceeding theoretical limits. However, challenges including volumetric expansion and low electrical conductivity during cycling hinder their rate performance and cycling stability. This paper discusses ongoing research efforts to address these challenges, including strategies to mitigate volumetric expansion and enhance electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the lithiophilic nature of TMCs’ transition metals is explored for its role in stabilizing lithium metal surfaces and interfaces within lithium metal batteries, contributing to improved battery performance and safety. Moreover, integrating carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies into TMC synthesis offers environmentally friendly synthesis methods, aligning with sustainability goals and reducing the carbon footprint of battery manufacturing processes. Overall, this review highlights the potential of TMCs as anode materials for high-performance LIBs, while also addressing challenges and opportunities for further research and development in this promising field.