Abstract
The article is an attempt to review scientific achievements in the field of obtaining aluminosilicate geopolymers and current research trends in the field of mechanical treatment (mechanical activation or mechanoactivation, as the term is used in the article) of their predecessors. A geopolymer, also referred to in the literature as geopolymer resin and geopolymer cement, is a mineral binder resulting from geopolymerization, the main step of which is the polymerization (or polycondensation) of precursors in an alkaline or acidic medium. This review focuses on geopolymers whose precursors are natural aluminosilicates, i.e., clay minerals, because, firstly, clay minerals are widespread and available worldwide, and secondly, geopolymers based on heat-treated kaolinite (or metakaolin) have a number of advantages that make kaolinite attractive for further study in terms of reducing energy consumption and carbon footprint in their manufacturing. On the other hand, the review considers the potential of mechanoactivation of clay minerals in an air medium and establishes that mechanoactivated kaolin clays have the potential to replace metakaolin.
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