Research Trends in the Dominating Microalgal Pigments, β-carotene, Astaxanthin, and Phycocyanin Used in Feed, in Foods, and in Health Applications

Eriksen Nt

doi:10.4172/2155-9600.1000507

Abstract

Three pigments, β-carotene, astaxanthin and phycocyanin are presently well-established microalgal products, produced at large-scale in cultures of microalgae or cyanobacteria and used as natural colours in feed and foods and as nutritional additives. Applied research in these 3 pigments is, however, still developing rapidly; particularly in their effects on human health. This commentary provides a brief overview on the main functional effects of β- carotene, astaxanthin and phycocyanin and presents an analysis of the current trends in research activities in relation to their used in feed, foods and health.

Highlights

Phototrophic microalgae and cyanobacteria make up a diverse group of organisms
Some species are used in feed or foods or for production of ingredients [1,2,3]
The main purpose of this commentary is to provide a brief overview of the major functional roles of microalgal and cyanobacterial β-carotene, astaxanthin, and phycocyanin, and analyse current trends in the level of scientific activity and interest in their use in feed, foods and health [9]

Summary

Introduction

Phototrophic microalgae and cyanobacteria make up a diverse group of organisms. Some species are used in feed or foods or for production of ingredients [1,2,3]. The main purpose of this commentary is to provide a brief overview of the major functional roles of microalgal and cyanobacterial β-carotene, astaxanthin, and phycocyanin, and analyse current trends in the level of scientific activity and interest in their use in feed, foods and health [9]. Primary carotenoids make up less than 1% of the biomass in phototrophic microalgae [11] and only the two secondary carotenoids, β-carotene and astaxanthin are produced commercially in large scale microalgal cultures [12].

Results

Conclusion