Abstract
Pneumoconiosis has become one of the biggest threats to the occupational health and life safety of mining workers in China. The number of pneumoconiosis cases has continued to rise in recent years. The main task of occupational health development is to study the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis and to develop mine dust prevention and control technology. Therefore, this paper summarizes the research progress of coal worker pneumoconiosis and dust prevention and control in mines. Firstly, the research progress of coal worker pneumoconiosis is analyzed from the aspects of pathogenesis, animal model and pathological changes of coal worker pneumoconiosis. Then, the existing basic theory and technology of dust prevention are described, including ventilation and dust removal, spray and dust suppression, and chemical dust suppression methods. Finally, based on the dust removal theory of wet shotcrete, the progress of shotcrete dust control technology and equipment used for shotcrete is summarized from the aspects of shotcrete technology process and shotcrete materials. At the same time, in view of the shortcomings of the existing research, the next research prospect is given in the pathogenesis of pneumoconiosis, intelligent dust prevention, jet spraying dust removal and so on. This paper provides theoretical support for realizing the separate source and efficient treatment of mine dust control and helps to improve the clean production level of mine, control and prevent pneumoconiosis.
Highlights
Pneumoconiosis has become one of the biggest threats to the occupational health and life safety of mining workers in China
Mine pneumoconiosis caused by high dust dust control concentration seriously theAt present, the technology of coal seam water injection for dust reduction, ventilation for dust health of workers, so the development of effective dust control technology is very imremoval, spray for dust suppression, and chemical dust suppression technology are mainly used for reducing dust sources in mining areas
Wang et al [51] used the discrete phase problem (DPM) of computational fluid dyWang et al [51] used the discrete phase problem (DPM) of computational fluid dynamics to carry out numerical simulation on the ventilation and dust removal system of namics to carry out numerical simulation on the ventilation and dust removal system of rock roadway comprehensive excavation face (Figure 5)
Summary
Mine pneumoconiosis is a general term for lung diseases caused by long-term inhalation of dust in the production environment. According to the data in [6,7], the dust ratio of the coal mining face is 50%, the dust ratio of the heading face is 35%, the dust ratio of the shotcrete operation point is 10%, and the dust ratio of others is 5%. The coal mining, tunneling and shotcrete operating area accounted for more than 95% of the total coal mine dust production. Mine occupational disease is seriously harmful in China, and mine dust-induced pneumoconiosis is the biggest occupational disease hazard. This paper summarizes the research progress of mine pneumoconiosis and the research status of coal mine dust control technology in China, so as to provide the development direction for the control and prevention of pneumoconiosis and dust in the future
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