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Abstract
Friction stir processing (FSP) is a novel solid-phase processing technique that is derived from friction stir welding (FSW). The microstructure of the base metal can be modified with the friction heat and stir function during processing. It can be used to fabricate surface composites and in situ composites by adding reinforced particles into the metal matrix via FSP. Friction stir processing can significantly improve the hardness, wear resistance, ductility, etc., while preventing defects caused by material melting. It is an ideal material processing technology and has good prospects in the field of superplastic materials and for the preparation of metal matrix composites. This paper reviews research developments into the principle, process, and applications of FSP technology as well as its future research directions and development prospects.
Highlights
Friction stir processing (FSP) is derived from friction stir welding (FSW)
The base metal was characterized as a typical cast structure consisting of coarse grains and intergranular eutectic networks mainly composed of an I-phase
This was the first application of FSP in the preparation of superplastic materials, which was of great significance in the research field of superplastic materials
Summary
Friction stir processing (FSP) is derived from friction stir welding (FSW). It is a novel material-processing technology proposed by Mishra [1] in 1999 which was originally used in the preparation of superplastic materials. Friction stir processing and FSW have similar processes and principles Both of them make the material undergo severe plastic deformation leading to a homogeneous refined microstructure via friction heat and stirring during processing [2]. As a solid-state processing method, there is no melting of materials during FSP. This effectively avoids defects such as porosities and thermal cracks that are generated during the melting and solidification of materials. This paper reviews the principles, processes, and applications of FSP technology as well as its future directions and development prospects
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