Abstract
The cardiovascular safety of the use of methylphenidate for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children younger than 17 years has been studied in a self-controlled case series analysis using information from a South Korean database. 1224 individuals were followed up from 2008 through 2011, all of whom had received a prescription for methylphenidate and had also experienced a cardiovascular event. When prescribed methylphenidate, participants had a higher risk of arrhythmia than when they were not receiving treatment (incidence rate ratio 1·61, 95% CI 1·48–1·74); risks were particularly high 1–3 days after exposure (2·01, 1·74–2·31), but abated after treatment exceeded 56 days (1·03, 0·91–1·15). Additionally, the risk of myocardial infarction was increased between 8 and 56 days after methylphenidate exposure.
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