Research results of Jerusalem artichoke varieties and hybrids in the forest-steppe of the Omsk region

Abstract

The article presents the five-year results of the studying the adaptation of varieties, and hybrids of Jerusalem artichoke in the forest-steppe of the Omsk region. The analysis of biometric indicators and crop yield structure is presented. The dynamics of the accumulation of herbage, as well as the periods of the passage of phenological phases are shown. The chemical composition of plants is determined. The studies show that many hybrids and varieties in Western Siberia do not go through the flowering phase, but at the same time form a full-fledged tuber crop. At the same time, the high yield of the aerial mass of Jerusalem artichoke does not always ensure a high yield of tubers. On average, for five years of research, the French D-5 hybrid, Canadian sample and variety samples’ No. 1 and No. 9 we distinguished in terms of herbage productivity. This indicator was 49.4-58.9 t / ha. In terms of tuber productivity, the best varieties were No. 9 and No. 12, as well as the Sireniki-1 variety (29.1-30.2 t / ha). The distinguished varieties and hybrids of Jerusalem artichoke are recommended for the introduction into production in order to improve the forage base of agricultural enterprises. The research on the selection of varieties and hybrids in order to obtain high-tech tubers (large and aligned) for processing in the food industry will be continued.