Research Publication Ethics and Research Utilization

Abstract

Background and Aim: and research publication are widely used and has become a global concern. In the matter of Utilization, World Health Organization report on knowledge for better health (2004) has emphasized that research reports should be an exact reflection of the development of the researches that resulted in health improvement and equality. publication and diffusion is one part of the changing of internal knowledge to social knowledge, knowledge transfer and utilization. The findings of the published researches are a new base for further researches and may be utilized. Hence, this study aimed to explain ethical considerations in research publication and utilization. Materials and Methods: In this review main key words: Research ethics and Research or ethics were searched in PubMed, scholar. Google, SID and Magiran databases. Then, related articles were analyzed. Ethical Considerations: Honesty and integrity were observed during review and citation. Results: In this study after reviewing of the breaches of publication including Data Fabrication and Falsification, Redundant Publication, Duplication Publication, Illegitimate Authorship and Plagiarism, the ethical principles in research publication were analyzed, and then necessity of research utilization as an essential step for knowledge translation was argued. Honesty in all aspects of research, accountability in the conduct of research, Professional courtesy and fairness in working with others, and good stewardship of research on behalf of others are four principles that introduced as the foundations of ethical research. After this we focused on the four conditions for authorship and conflict of interests. The recommended authorship criteria includes: 1. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition or collection, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; and 2. Drafting or revising the work critically for important intellectual content; and 3. Final approval for publishing; and 4. Accountability for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately examined and answered. In addition to being accountable for the parts of the work he or she has done, an author should be able to identify responsibilities of each co-authors as much as authors should have confidence in the integrity of the contribution of their co-authors. Meeting of all four criteria for authorship is necessary, and all who meet the four criteria should be considered as authors. Those who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowledged in related section. A conflict of interest exists when an author (or the author institution), referee or editor has financial or personal relationships with other people or organizations that inappropriately influence the author's actions (bias). Because of its effect, all participants in the process of compilation, review and publication including authors should disclose all relationships that could lead to a conflict of interest. Disclosure of these relationships is especially important in connection with editorials and review articles, because it is more difficult to detect bias in them rather than original articles. The disclosed information about conflicts of interest and financial interest can be used as a basis for decision-making by the editorial staff and appropriately publish it. Finally, we identified the rule of on time research diffusion, and no lag or delay in research publication and utilization as one of the most important ethical considerations. According to knowledge translation process, to develop and carry out a research project based on the needs and research priorities will improve the utilization of research. In knowledge translation process, despite of Knowledge Transfer, all of the research activities from formation of the “Research question to change involves, and doesn’t begin just at the end of the study begins. Conclusion: In order to cover knowledge gaps and provide the scientific evidence needed in clinical decisions as well as health policy, the researchers have obligate to diffuse and publish their findings based on ethical principles, timely. The findings indicates on the need to revise the National Directory of Ethics in Medical scholarly works, educating and capacity building for its enforcement and also necessity of adding the subtitle of research utilization to its matters. Please cite this article as: Akrami F, Bahadoran Z. Publication Ethics and Utilization. Med Ethics J 2016; 10(37): 81-89.