Abstract
Titanium alloy/Hydroxyapatite (HA) composites have become a hot research topic in biomedical materials, while there are some challenges concerning bioactivity and mechanical properties such as low interface adhesion at the interface between metal and ceramic, complex interfacial reactions, and so on. Nevertheless, composites with reinforced phases can reach special properties that meet the requirements of biomedical materials due to the strong interfacial interactions between reinforcing phases (nano-carbon, partial oxides, and so on) and Titanium alloys or HA. This review summarizes the interface properties and mechanisms of Titanium alloy/HA composites, including interfacial bonding methods, strengthening and toughening mechanisms, and performance evaluation. On this basis, the interface characteristics and mechanisms of the Titaniumalloy/HA composites with enhanced phase are prospected. The results show that the interfacial bonding methods in the Titanium alloy/HA composites include chemical reactions and mechanical effects. The strengthening and toughening mechanisms contain grain refinement strengthening, second phase strengthening, solution strengthening, cracks and pulling out mechanisms, etc. This review provides a guidline for the fabrication of biocomposites with both mechanical properties and bioactivity.
Highlights
As bone grafting for humans has increasingly challenged the emergence of various diseases and disaster accidents, the development of biological transplantation materials has helped to repair or replace human tissues to improve their performance activities [1]
In a study of the influence of electrolyte on the surface of pure Titanium in the melting [22], because the microstructure of composites was affected by local heating in the preparation process of plasma electrolytic oxidation, it was found that the oxide films coated in an electrolyte process
% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), it the wasincreased found that fracture toughness caused and bending treatment, sintering process, or uniform of elementscompared can improve mechanical properties strength of composite increased by 260% distribution and 50%, respectively, with
Summary
As bone grafting for humans has increasingly challenged the emergence of various diseases and disaster accidents, the development of biological transplantation materials has helped to repair or replace human tissues to improve their performance activities [1]. Prepared HA coating on Titanium alloy by plasma electrolysis oxidation [15] Their results showed that HA enhances high temperature adaptability and hardness of the composite. Triclinic apatite coating on the Titanium substrate prepared by chemical deposition gradually occurred during plastic deformation, which separated from the matrix when a load was continuously improved This phenomenon of interface debonding was a common failure mode [19]. Other strengthening phases such as Zn element and some metal oxides can improve the properties of materials due to their interactions with HA or Titanium alloys [37,38,39,40]. This provides a guideline for researching the Titanium alloy/HA composites
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