Research Progress on Titanium Implants for External Maxillary Sinus Augmentation

Abstract

In patients with missing maxillary posterior teeth, the negative pressure generated by breathing leads to an increase in the gasification of the maxillary sinus cavity, as well as the absorption of alveolar bone due to the lack of physiological stimulation due to missing teeth. This often leads to insufficient bone height during implant restoration in the maxillary posterior tooth area, and maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery can effectively solve this problem. At present, there are two main techniques for lifting the maxillary sinus floor: internal lifting through the top of the alveolar ridge approach and external lifting through the lateral wall approach. Among them, the maxillary sinus alveolar ridge lifting surgery is widely used due to its advantages of small wound size, short surgical time, fewer postoperative complications, low cost, and easy acceptance by patients. With technological innovation, the indications for maxillary sinus floor elevation surgery have gradually expanded to cases with residual bone height (RBH) greater than 2 mm.