Research progress on the relationship between dietary patterns and common noninfectious chronic diseases

Abstract

With the development of society, the dietary pattern of Chinese residents gradually tends to be Westernized, and the disease spectrum has also been progressively changed into chronic non-communicable diseases like ischemic heart disease and stroke. Diet has been recognized as a common and modifiable factor for many chronic diseases. In this paper, the researches on dietary patterns and common chronic non-communicable diseases in recent years were summarized by searching the literature in Chinese and English databases in the past five years (2015-2020). This research integrated the outcome indicators, possible mechanisms, and research conclusions of dietary patterns and cardiovascular system, metabolic diseases, digestive system, locomotor system, and mental system in the past five years from the perspective of the human system. Dietary patterns characterized by red meat and processed meats, fast foods, sugary beverages were identified as risk factors for most diseases. In contrast, nutritional patterns characterized by vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fish were protective factors for most conditions. Meanwhile, it also put forward some problems that should be paid attention to in studying dietary patterns to provide a scientific basis for the follow-up research and the prevention and intervention of diseases.