Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune, inflammatory, demyelinating disease , autoantibodies target previously normal tissues and selectively affect the optic nerve and the spinal cord, resulting optic neuritis,transverse myelitis involved successively or simultaneously. Clinically characterized by acute or subacute onset of one or both eyes blind, in their few days or weeks before and after the emergence or increase myelitis tran sverse inertia. In recent years , many important achivements on the neuromyelitis optica have been obtained, among which the discovery of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) opened up new areas in the research on NMO,anti-AQP4 antibody participates pathogenesis and is important in diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Research on the pathogenesis and treatment may provide positive strategy for the clinical diagnosis and improvement of prognosis. Key words: Neuromyelitis optica; Aquaporin-4; Celluar immunity; Humoral immunity
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