Abstract
We review our works on Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric fiber-optic sensors with various applications. We give a general model of F-P interferometric optical fiber sensors including diffraction loss caused by the beam divergence and the Gouy phase shift. Based on different structures of an F-P cavity formed on the end of a single-mode fiber, the F-P interferometric optical sensor has been extended to measurements of the refractive index (RI) of liquids and solids, temperature as well as small displacement. The RI of liquids and solids can be obtained by monitoring the fringe contrast related to Fresnel reflections, while the ambient temperature and small displacement can be obtained by monitoring the wavelength shift of the interference fringes. The F-P interferometric fiber-optic sensors can be used for many scientific and technological applications.
Highlights
The Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric optical fiber sensor is one of the most widespread types of fiber-optic sensors, due to its properties of being versatile, simple, responsive, precise and immune to environmental noise [1,2,3]
Refractive index (RI) and displacement is of great importance for modern scientific and technological applications
With a semi-cylindrical-shaped metal layer deposited on a tapered optical fiber, a surface plasmon resonance optical fiber sensor can achieve the measurement of the refractive index (RI) of metal, by monitoring the first three resonance peaks in the transmission spectrum formed by different hybrid surface plasmon modes [7]
Summary
The Fabry-Perot (F-P) interferometric optical fiber sensor is one of the most widespread types of fiber-optic sensors, due to its properties of being versatile, simple, responsive, precise and immune to environmental noise [1,2,3]. Based on multimode interference and reimaging theory, a fiber-optic sensor composed of a section of multimode fiber fusion spliced to a single-mode fiber for displacement measurements was proposed [13] Those methods suffer from limited resolution, long dynamic sensing times, complex structures, or high cost, which create limitations and bottlenecks for their applications. Based on a miniature F-P cavity formed between the air-fiber boundary and a reflective in-fiber metallic splice, a fiber-optic temperature sensor was presented for the measurement of high-temperature up to 1100 ◦ C. It can achieve a stability of ∼10 ◦ C over a period exceeding 300 h at 1100 ◦ C [16].
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