Research progress on CO2 capture and utilization technology

Abstract

With the expansion of industry, the emission of greenhouse gases is increasing, and its impact on climate is becoming more and more serious. CO2 is the main culprit of the greenhouse effect, and how to effectively solve the climate problem caused by CO2 has attracted more and more attention. In recent years, there have been continuous attempts to reduce CO2 emissions from the source, but no obvious results have been achieved. In fact, CO2 is not only a greenhouse gas, but also a potential carbon resource. Therefore, how to capture and effectively use CO2 is also the research direction that many scholars have been exploring recently. In this paper, the current situations of CO2 capture technologies are reviewed from the aspects of chemical absorption, solid-phase porous materials adsorption, membrane separation, cryogenic separation, hydrate method and microbiological method in the first part. Then, the CO2 utilization technologies are systematically introduced from the aspect of physical utilization, chemical utilization, biological utilization and mineralization utilization. Furthermore, several representative frontier technologies of CO2 resource utilization are reported. On this basis, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are summarized to provide some ideas and references for alleviating the CO2 issue.