Research Progress on Assessment and Prediction Models of Joint Toxicity of Chemical Mixtures

Abstract

In this paper we give an overview of the main methodologies available today to estimate the human health risk of environmental chemical mixtures, including joint effect indices, concentration addition, independent action, two-step prediction, INFCIM model, ICIM model, integrated addition model, median-effect equation, hazard index, point of departure index, margin of exposure, relative potency factor, toxic equivalence quantity, cumulative risk index, and toxic unit summation.