Research Progress of Soil Microbial Species Diversity in China

Abstract

Microorganisms are the most widely distributed life forms, which are distributed to almost all habitats on earth. They can use a variety of organic compounds and inorganic salts as energy to live in cold polar regions, hot springs up to 100 ℃ or extreme environments with high salinity and alkalinity under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. Microorganisms are the second largest group of organisms on the earth after insects, and their species resources are extremely rich. The study of microbial diversity is the main component of the whole biodiversity study. Microbial diversity mainly studies the population, abundance, distribution uniformity, structural changes and functional diversity of microbial communities in the environment . Microbial diversity can be divided into genetic diversity, functional diversity, structural diversity and species diversity, among which species diversity is the most basic content in soil microbial diversity research . The study included all the bacteria, archaea and fungi in the soil.