Abstract
As the basic hardware to promote the development of various fields, fiber laser has great development potential in rail transit, optical communication, new material manufacturing, power battery processing, military defense, medical treatment, and other fields. As the core device of passively mode-locked fiber laser, a high damage threshold saturable absorber plays a decisive role in achieving high power, ultrashort pulse duration, and high energy laser output for a fiber laser. For saturable absorbers of traditional materials and structures, the spot size of light acting on the material is almost the same as the exit diameter of the optical fiber, which is easy to exceed the damage threshold of the saturable absorber and lead to damage. To improve the damage threshold of saturable absorbers, the structure of saturable absorbers based on both real materials and traditional saturable absorbers can be optimized. On the one hand, the preparation technology of the saturable absorber is adjusted, such as using the sol-gel method, which has a good effect on improving the damage threshold of the saturable absorber. Moreover, different materials are selected and used as substrates, such as the use of inorganic materials as material substrates and the selection of a variety of insertion cavity structures, such as “sandwich” transmission structures, tapered fibers, and photonic crystal fibers. These methods are of great significance in improving the damage threshold of the real material saturable absorber and realizing pulsed laser with excellent performance and high stability. On the other hand, the equivalent saturable absorber structure is used to improve the damage threshold and optimize the laser performance, such as hybrid mode-locked structure and nonlinear multimode interference. The continuous optimization of the fiber laser damage threshold will further expand its application range. Therefore, it is important to adjust the preparation process and insert the cavity structure of saturable absorbers for improving the damage threshold of the saturable absorber and achieving high performance and stability of the pulsed laser. This paper reviews the research status of high damage threshold saturable absorbers at home and abroad, summarizes the latest methods to improve material damage threshold and the latest research progress of equivalent saturable absorbers, and also points out the future development direction of high damage threshold saturable absorbers.
Highlights
As the basic hardware to promote the development of various fields, fiber laser has great development potential in rail transit, optical communication, new material manufacturing, power battery processing, military defense, medical treatment, and other fields
As the core device of passively mode-locked fiber laser, a high damage threshold saturable absorber plays a decisive role in achieving high power, ultrashort pulse duration, and high energy laser output for a fiber laser
For saturable absorbers of traditional materials and structures, the spot size of light acting on the material is almost the same as the exit diameter of the optical fiber, which is easy to exceed the damage threshold of the saturable absorber and lead to damage
Summary
基于二维材料异质结可饱和吸收体的超快激光器 Ultrafast pulse lasers based on two-dimensional nanomaterial heterostructures as saturable absorber 物理学报. 基于铋可饱和吸收体的超快激光产生 Generation of ultra-fast pulse based on bismuth saturable absorber 物理学报. MnPS3可饱和吸收体被动锁模掺铒光纤激光器双波长激光 Dual-wavelength self-starting mode-locking Er-doped fiber laser with MnPS3 saturable absorber 物理学报. 基于二维纳米材料可饱和吸收体的中红外超快光纤激光器 Two-dimensional material as a saturable absorber for mid-infrared ultrafast fiber laser 物理学报.
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