Research Progress of miRNA Regulating Cell Signaling Pathways Related to Hepatocarcinogenesis

Dan Wang,Xingwu Yang,Guotai Wang

doi:10.26689/jcnr.v5i2.1921

Abstract

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in clinical practice. The pathogenesis of HCC is still unclear. Currently, the clinical treatment of HCC is poorly targeted and the therapeutic effect is poor. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are closely related to the occurrence of HCC, and they are mainly involved in the occurrence and development of HCC through binding to target genes or acting on related signaling pathways. In recent years, studies have shown that miRNA can be used as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of HCC. In addition, studies have also shown that miRNA plays a tumor-suppressing or tumor-promoting role in the process of HCC by regulating the biological processes of tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis. In this paper, the recent studies on miRNA signaling pathways related to the occurrence and development of HCC were reviewed, with a view to providing ideas for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Highlights

Overview of miRNA functionMiRNA is a class of small non-coding singlestranded RNA molecules existing in organisms
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in clinical practice
This paper in recent years were reviewed and the Wnt/ β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, Hippo signaling pathways relevant miRNA research, and the function of miRNA and its molecular mechanisms are summarized and expounded the miRNA value in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC, To explore how miRNA plays a role in Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt and Hippo signaling pathways to regulate the occurrence of HCC, so as to provide help for the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis evaluation of HCC in clinical practice

Summary

Overview of miRNA function

MiRNA is a class of small non-coding singlestranded RNA molecules existing in organisms. Its main function is to recognize the 3 'untranslated regions (3' -UTR) at the 3 'end of target mRNA, and its specific binding affects target mRNA expression through the following two mechanisms: one is Distributed under creative commons license 4.0 to cause target mRNA degradation, the other is translation inhibition[1]. Studies have pointed out that miRNA inhibits the expression of target genes and plays an important role in the regulation of a series of life activities, such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in the process of cell development, especially when cancer occurs[2]. As an important regulatory factor involved in the occurrence of HCC, miRNA can regulate the expression of oncogenes, and interact with tumor inhibitors and play different feedback roles in the process of promoting and suppressing cancer

Different signaling pathways are associated with miRNAs

Hippo signaling pathway-related miRNAs

Summary and outlook