Abstract

Leukotrienes are important inflammatory mediators derived from arachidonic acid through the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. Leukotrienes are implicated in the pathogenesis of many kinds of pulmonary diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and acute lung injury (ALI), etc.. Leukotrienes exert multiple biological effects by binding to cognate cell-surface receptors and leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRA) produce their anti-inflammatory effects by competitively combining with leukotriene receptors, playing an important role in improving pulmonary function, decreasing airway hyperresponsiveness, inhibiting airway remodeling and pulmonary fibrosis. Anti-inflammatory activities of LTRA independent of leukotriene receptors have recently been suggested in recent researches. This review discusses the research progress of leukotrienes and the application of LTRA in pulmonary diseases, thus providing new ways for the treatment of pulmonary diseases. Key words: Leukotrienes; Leukotriene receptor antagonists; Lung diseases; Inflammation

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