Research progress of caspase-1 mediated pyroptosis in ophthalmic diseases

Abstract

Caspase-1 is a cysteine aspartate-specific proteolytic enzyme, As an active cysteine protease, Caspase-1 can cleave a specific site for aspartic protease, resulting in cleaved protein.When pathogenic microorganisms are infected or other dangerous signals are presented, the active caspase-1 can cleave the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of the protein GSDMD, and the activated N-domain can promote the formation of hydrophilic pores in the cell membrane, resulting in cells expansion and cleavage, which promotes the release of (interleukin)IL-1β and IL-18, leads to a series of cascade reactions, which are involved in the process of inflammatory reaction and cell death.Recent studies have shown that caspase-1 is the central link in the pathogenesis of ophthalmology, especially in corneal diseases, age-related cataract, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration and other diseases.To know the role of in ophthalmic diseases is great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. Key words: Caspase-1; Pyroptosis; Ophthalmic disease