Research progress in the regulation of epigenetics on pancreatic β cell function

Abstract

Epigenetics defines heritable changes in gene expression that are not coded in the DNA sequence itself. Three systems, including DNA methylation, RNA-associated silencing and histone modification, are used to initiate and sustain epigenetic silencing. Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a polygenic disorder, which is caused by both genetic and environmental factors. However, pathogenesis of T2DM has not been elucidated. Recent studies have indicated that epigenetics may play an important role in the pathogenesis of T2DM, which is involved in the development and differentiation of β cell, secretion of β cell, insulin sensitivity and so on. Researches related to epigenetics may provide a new measure and target to clarify the pathogenesis of T2DM as well as prevent and treat the disease. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2015, 31: 78-82) Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Epigenetics; Pancreatic β cell