Abstract
Aging is a complex multifactorial biological process shared by all living organisms. It shows a gradual decline in normal physiological function in a time-dependent manner. Various model organisms are used to study the mechanisms of aging, and important discoveries in this area have contributed to the development of new therapies for age-related diseases. In this review, we discuss the important signaling pathways that have been shown to affect longevity, including the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) signaling pathway, the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway, and the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway, providing a basic understanding of the mechanisms of the aging process.
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