Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that breast milk is the first choice for infant. The presence of complex commensal bacteria in human breast milk has been confirmed by traditional culture-dependent methods, while in recent years, some advanced technologies, such as next-generation sequencing, have revealed that a complex microbial ecosystem exist in human milk. Microbes in human breast milk has different origins, and its composition is influenced by various factors. Moreover, the micro-ecosystem of human breast milk, which is considered as an important source of infant intestinal flora, is vital for infants’ growth and long-term health because of its antibacterial effect and abilities of promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and regulating the immune system as well as intestinal nutrition metabolism. Hence, in-depth research on the complex micro-ecosystem of human breast milk will be of great value. Key words: Milk, human; Microbiota
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